AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES CAUSING WATER POLLUTION AND ITS MITIGATION – A REVIEW
Abstract
Agriculture is the base economic structure for many developed and developing countries with critical infrastructural share countries the capital grries. The present study is about knowing how agricultural activities are causing surface and groundwater pollution. The crucial agricultural practices affect other environmental services like a nutrient cycle, soil erosion, carbon sequestration, and many other ecological patterns. Most of the farming activities are responsible for water pollution due to excessive use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers, which ultimately leaches in groundwater and drains into surface water bodies—the change in Physico-chemical properties of water due to agricultural activities detriment the aquatic ecosystem. Eutrophication is the one most common aquatic problem existing in the surface water bodies near the agricultural field. These nutrients come from runoff from the agricultural field used by the farmer for more productivity and protect their field from pests. Due to eutrophication, algal blooms have been seen on the water body's surface, and these algal blooms cause low dissolved oxygen in the water and create problems for aquatic animals. So, minimizing the environmental and ecological impact of sustainable use of chemical/pesticides and organic farming become the need of the hour.